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well if you think you're sleepy just

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because you're still trying to adjust a

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daylight savings time imagine having to

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see 16 sunrises a day that can really

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turn your sleep off and throw it off and

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the lack of sleep can really affect our

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health and our overall job performance

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that's why it is vital to understand the

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sleep patterns in astronauts because

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they're in such high-performance jobs

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and they really need a good night's

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sleep we like to say that sleep is the

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third pillar of health so not only is

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diet and exercise important but also

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sleep and that's not just for your

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performance but also for health reasons

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we know that when people sleep six hours

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or less a night they're more likely to

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be obese have diabetes have adverse

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cardiovascular outcomes so we're

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interested in learning about how much

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astronauts sleep in space and if they're

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not getting enough sleep

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what countermeasures are available to

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help promote sleep in space and some

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people like to tie themselves but I

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actually don't I only like to just float

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when I'm sleeping so that's really it I

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would turn the light off and goodnight

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we really don't think about it but I

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guess it's a little awkward sleeping in

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space right right it's still a pretty

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harsh environment for sleep on the

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International Space Station astronauts

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have told us that sometimes it's too hot

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or too cold or too noisy this is how we

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sleep aboard the space station this is

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called a crew quarters or a sleep

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station and this is where I sleep every

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night they also have a light dark cycle

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that is 90 minutes long rather than the

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24-hour light dark cycle we have on

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earth and so that can if light is

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insufficiently intense or mistimed then

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you can have circadian misalignment and

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so what does that mean so normally our

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sleep/wake schedule is synchronized to

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the Earth's light dark cycle

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and so when we are awake during the day

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and sleep at night it's easy to sleep

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our body wants us to sleep and we go to

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sleep at night on the space station

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sometimes they have abrupt changes in

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their sleep wake cycle that causes their

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circadian system to become misaligned we

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know from our previous work on the space

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station that on those times when the

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circadian system is misaligned

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they sleep about an hour less and they

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use more sleep promoting medications so

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now we're really curious about how sleep

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is affected during the second six months

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of a year-long mission will sleep get

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better will it get worse we're just

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collecting those data right now how do

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you collect the data what is it we use

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an actogram

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to collect the data it's similar to what

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you see commercially available a Fitbit

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or a jawbone or one of those this

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actigraph is a bit harder and it's

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scientifically validated with algorithms

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that estimate sleep it also gives us

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light exposure information and we can

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feed that sleep and light information

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into a mathematical model that estimates

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circadian phase so we know whether the

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astronaut is aligned or misaligned

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circadian lee the ultimate goal of the

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study is to find ways for crew members

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to sleep better in space to be able to

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obtain more sleep just like we study

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here on earth different occupations that

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have unusual work hours and we like to

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see how their sleep is affected how

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their alertness performance and safety

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outcomes are affected by their work

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hours so we've studied police officers

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and firefighters federal air marshals

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resident physicians even the mission

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controllers here at NASA and evaluated

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fatigue countermeasures to keep them

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more alert during the work and label

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them to sleep better the information we

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collect today

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we'll be really important for future

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one-year missions or even longer

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missions because being able to obtain

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adequate sleep each night on these

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exploration missions is going to be very